Interview with Ching Lee, Jeanne Tan and Jun Jong Tan

Ching Lee, Jeanne Tan and Jun Jong Tan ("CLJTAJJT") interviewed on Friday, 16 May.

Could you please tell us about your experience as a designer, artist, architect or creator?

CLJTAJJT : I am Ching Lee, the project leader of ChormaHeat AI Heating Textile. I have recently completed my PhD in Fashion and Textiles Design at the School of Fashion and Textiles, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University. My doctoral research focused on the 'Design and Development of an Intelligent Systematic Temperature Control for Woven Thermal Illuminative E-Textiles,' combining AI technologies with innovative textile applications. Prior to my PhD, I also graduated from the same institution with a background in fabric technology. I have hands-on experience working in a research and development company that specialized in flexible heaters, which gave me a solid foundation and practical understanding of heating textile systems. This blend of academic research and industry experience has allowed me to explore and lead cutting-edge projects in the field of smart, interactive, and temperature-regulating textiles.

How did you become a designer?

CLJTAJJT : My journey to becoming a designer has been deeply rooted in my curiosity for creating new things through a scientific lens. I’ve always been fascinated by how design can merge creativity with functionality, especially when supported by strong technical knowledge. As both a researcher and a designer, I believe that having a solid foundation in relevant scientific and technical areas is crucial for developing truly innovative solutions. What drew me to design was the opportunity to turn ideas into tangible, meaningful products that can improve people’s lives. During my academic journey—particularly through my studies in fabric technology and later my PhD in fashion and textiles design—I realized how much potential there is in combining design thinking with research methodologies. I also believe that design is not a solo effort. Collaboration plays an essential role in the development process. Working in a multidisciplinary team allows for the sharing of diverse ideas and perspectives. Everyone brings their own expertise, and through open communication, we are able to refine and enhance the functionality and impact of our designs. It’s this exchange of knowledge and the drive to innovate that keeps me passionate about being a designer.

What are your priorities, technique and style when designing?

CLJTAJJT : When approaching a new design project, my top three priorities are functionality , human-centered thinking , and data-driven innovation . First and foremost, I focus on ensuring the design serves a real purpose and has a positive impact on users' lives. Functionality is key—especially in the field of smart textiles, where both comfort and performance must be achieved. My style and technique are rooted in integrating science with design . I rely heavily on research-based methods , combining hands-on experimentation with the latest digital tools and technologies. For example, in many of my projects, I use artificial intelligence and machine learning to drive intelligent responses in textiles—such as in ChromaHeat AI, where the garment adjusts heating based on user data and environmental changes. I also prioritize physical prototyping and testing . While digital simulations and computer-aided design are essential in the early exploration phase, real-world testing through mock-ups and user feedback is critical to refining the final product. My design approach is iterative: I gather data, test results, analyze feedback, and continue refining. Across all my projects, the central theme is clear—design should be intelligent, responsive, and rooted in human needs.

Which emotions do you feel when designing?

CLJTAJJT : When I’m designing, I experience a mix of curiosity, excitement, and fulfillment . The most exciting part for me is the early conceptual phase—when an idea first sparks and you begin to explore its potential. There’s a sense of discovery in that moment, especially when combining scientific knowledge with creative thinking to solve real-life challenges. As the design progresses, I find joy in the journey of experimentation and problem-solving —testing different materials, analyzing data, and refining the details to improve both functionality and user experience. It's incredibly fulfilling to see how each small decision contributes to a larger, purposeful outcome. The final stage—seeing the prototype come to life—is deeply rewarding. There’s a sense of pride in knowing that what began as a concept has transformed into a real, tangible product that can enhance people’s lives. Designing gives me a strong sense of purpose; it allows me to turn insights into innovation, and that process brings both intellectual satisfaction and emotional joy.

What particular aspects of your background shaped you as a designer?

CLJTAJJT : Several non-design skills have significantly shaped me as a designer—most notably my scientific research background , analytical thinking , and collaborative mindset . Coming from a background in fabric technology and later earning a PhD in fashion and textiles design , I’ve developed strong capabilities in experimental design, data analysis, and problem-solving. These skills enable me to approach design challenges methodically, validate ideas through testing, and integrate advanced technologies such as AI into wearable systems. Another important skill is communication . Since my work often involves interdisciplinary collaboration—with engineers, scientists, and fellow designers—being able to clearly exchange ideas and bridge different areas of expertise is essential. I also value resilience and adaptability , which help me navigate the iterative nature of design, where not every idea succeeds on the first try. One of the biggest influences on my design work has been my experience working in R&D for flexible heating materials. It sparked my passion for temperature-regulating textiles and showed me how innovation can directly benefit people’s comfort and well-being. My journey as a designer has been one of continuous integration between research , technology , and human-centered creativity , and this intersection continues to inspire everything I create.

What is your growth path? What are your future plans? What is your dream design project?

CLJTAJJT : My growth path has been shaped by a continuous passion for merging science with design to create meaningful, human-centered innovations. From studying fabric technology to completing a PhD in fashion and textiles design, I’ve developed both the technical expertise and creative vision needed to push the boundaries of smart textile innovation. Looking ahead, my future plan is to further improve the ChromaHeat AI system —enhancing its performance, expanding the training dataset, and optimizing user interaction. The ultimate goal is to refine it into a fully functional, market-ready product that can bring intelligent thermal comfort to everyday life. I aim to bridge the gap between research and real-world application, making wearable technology more accessible and impactful. My dream design project is to create a comprehensive temperature-regulating wearable system that combines both heating and cooling functions, adaptable to individual users across various environments. I want to be remembered as a designer who fused science, technology, and empathy to develop intelligent solutions that not only solve problems but also enhance quality of life. There are still many concepts in smart textiles I hope to explore in the future—with the right resources and collaborations, I’d love to expand the applications of intelligent fabrics into healthcare, well-being, and sustainable living.

What are your advices to designers who are at the beginning of their career?

CLJTAJJT : My advice to young designers at the beginning of their careers is to stay curious, be patient, and never stop learning . The design journey is filled with challenges, but every obstacle is also an opportunity to grow. One important lesson I've learned is that failure is part of the process —many of the best ideas come through trial and error, so don't be afraid to experiment and iterate. I would also advise new designers to build a strong foundation in both creativity and technical knowledge . In today’s design landscape, especially when working with smart textiles and emerging technologies, understanding the science behind your work can open up entirely new design possibilities. Collaboration is another key—working with people from different disciplines not only broadens your perspective but also strengthens your ideas. One of the best pieces of advice I received from my mentors was: ‘Design with purpose and test with users.’ It reminds me to focus on real-world applications and human needs rather than designing for aesthetics alone. To grow your expertise, stay engaged with current research, attend conferences, explore interdisciplinary collaborations, and most importantly—stay passionate. It’s your passion that will drive you forward through each challenge and toward innovation.

You are truly successful as a designer, what do you suggest to fellow designers, artists and architects?

CLJTAJJT : One principle I firmly believe in is that successful design must be grounded in purpose , not just aesthetics. No matter how visually striking a product may be, if it doesn’t add value or meet a need, it’s incomplete. I encourage fellow designers, artists, and architects to always start with a deep understanding of the user and the problem you’re solving —research, empathy, and data must guide your decisions. Another key to long-term success is staying adaptable and open to interdisciplinary collaboration . Many of the most innovative solutions come from stepping outside your comfort zone and working alongside experts in other fields. In my own work, bridging design with science and technology has opened up incredible possibilities in smart textiles and wearable systems. One common pitfall I’ve seen is the reluctance to embrace failure as a learning tool . There’s a natural tendency to over-perfect the first idea, but testing, failing, and refining are crucial parts of the process. Create, test early, and refine continuously—it leads to better results and clearer insights. Lastly, keep evolving . New tools, materials, and technologies are emerging constantly. Stay informed, be curious, and don’t be afraid to challenge conventional methods. Good design is never static—it grows, adapts, and improves as we do.

What is your day to day look like?

CLJTAJJT : My daily routine as a designer and researcher is a balance between structured planning and creative problem-solving. I usually start my morning by checking emails and reviewing my to-do list, followed by catching up on the latest research articles or design news—especially anything related to smart textiles, wearable technologies, or AI advancements. Staying informed helps me stay inspired and aligned with current trends and developments. The majority of my day is spent working in the lab or studio, where tasks include textile fabrication, prototype development, running performance tests, and analyzing data. I also dedicate time to documenting results and writing papers for publication, as research output is a core part of our work. What I enjoy most, even on routine days, are the moments when a small experiment produces unexpected but promising results—it’s those little breakthroughs that keep me motivated. I also find joy in team discussions, where different perspectives often lead to exciting new ideas. Despite being technically demanding, the day-to-day process is deeply rewarding because every step brings us closer to innovative, meaningful design outcomes.

How do you keep up with latest design trends? To what extent do design trends matter?

CLJTAJJT : I believe that while it's important to stay aware of the latest design trends, my focus is more on developing timeless, functional, and user-centered designs grounded in scientific research and real-world needs. In the field of smart textiles and wearable technology, trends can inform aesthetics and user preferences, but the core of our work lies in innovation, functionality, and long-term impact . That said, I do keep up with emerging trends in both design and technology—especially developments in materials science, AI applications, wearable tech, and sustainability. I stay updated through academic journals, industry reports, international exhibitions, and interdisciplinary conferences. I also draw inspiration from current challenges in health, well-being, and everyday living, which often reveal opportunities for more meaningful and relevant design. Ultimately, I aim to balance trend awareness with originality . My designs reflect a thoughtful blend of user expectations and innovative functionality, rather than following seasonal stylings. By doing so, I hope to create designs that remain relevant, impactful, and adaptable over time.

How do you know if a product or project is well designed? How do you define good design?

CLJTAJJT : For me, a well-designed product is one that seamlessly balances functionality, usability, aesthetics, and purpose . Good design addresses real user needs and solves problems in an intuitive and accessible way. It should not only perform its intended function but also enhance the user experience , often in ways that feel effortless or even delightful. In my practice, especially in smart textiles and wearable solutions, a good design is one that is human-centered , backed by data, and adaptable to diverse conditions. I always look for whether the product responds intelligently to user behavior or environmental changes and if it communicates its purpose without an instruction manual. That ‘aha! ’ moment comes when everything feels naturally integrated—when the interface, form, and function work together harmoniously. Common mistakes to avoid include over-complicating the user experience, prioritizing aesthetics over usability, or ignoring long-term sustainability. A truly good design considers clarity, empathy, and impact —it's not just about looking good, it's about working well and making life better.

How do you decide if your design is ready?

CLJTAJJT : I believe a design is never truly finished , but there comes a point where it is ready for implementation —where all the core objectives have been met, the functionality is validated, and the user experience is smooth and intuitive. For me, that moment arrives after extensive testing , feedback, and refinement, when the design performs consistently under different conditions and addresses user needs without compromise. Because I work at the intersection of design and research, I rely on data and user-centered validation to know when to move forward. If the design achieves its intended purpose, performs reliably, and users respond positively, then it's ready to be finalized—at least for that version. That said, I always keep an open mind for future improvement. Design is an evolving process, and as technology and user expectations shift, there is always room to innovate further. I often revisit past projects with fresh insights, which helps drive the ongoing evolution of my work. So while I believe in completing a design with confidence, I also view it as part of a continuous growth journey .

What is your biggest design work?

CLJTAJJT : My biggest and most meaningful design work to date is the development of ChromaHeat AI —an AI-powered, temperature-regulating, illuminative textile system. This project is the culmination of years of research, experimentation, and interdisciplinary collaboration, and it was also the focus of my PhD thesis. From the beginning, my aspiration was to design a smart textile that could dynamically respond to both environmental changes and user needs , ultimately enhancing thermal comfort through intelligent heating behavior. What makes ChromaHeat AI special is its combination of woven textile design, AI technology, and user-centric functionality . It uses embedded sensors and machine learning algorithms to adjust the heating output based on individual user profiles and external climate conditions. The textile structure and material composition were carefully designed and tested—with the aid of an infrared camera and a machine-trained ANN model—to optimize both thermal performance and aesthetic illumination. What sets this work apart is both the technical depth and human-centered approach . One of the biggest challenges was building a reliable dataset, as factors such as age, gender, height, weight, and ambient conditions all affect thermal comfort. The iterative process of testing and training the system was demanding, but incredibly rewarding. This project is especially close to me because it represents more than just a product—it reflects my belief in design as a powerful bridge between science and human experience. It also gave birth to our spin-off company, GERI LIMITED , which carries our research innovation forward into real-world applications. Currently, we are further improving the system’s functionality and working towards expanding it with cooling capabilities , moving toward a fully intelligent temperature-regulating textile platform. It remains the cornerstone of my design journey and one I am deeply proud of.

Who is your favourite designer?

CLJTAJJT : My favorite designer is Professor Jeanne Tan , who has been not only an inspiration but also my PhD supervisor and mentor. Her work in exploring the integration of polymeric optical fibers into textile structures to create illuminative fabrics that blend technology with design is truly groundbreaking. What makes her work stand out to me is the way she seamlessly bridges aesthetics with advanced functionality, applying her research to areas like fashion, interior design, and rehabilitation . Professor Tan’s forward-thinking approach—especially her investigations into the use of AI in smart textiles—has deeply influenced my own design philosophy. Her ability to see the broader societal potential of intelligent textiles, and her commitment to user-centered innovation, define everything I value in good design. If I had the chance to choose only one designer to continue learning from, it would certainly be her. She represents the kind of designer I aspire to be—one who creates with purpose, impact, and empathy.

Would you tell us a bit about your lifestyle and culture?

CLJTAJJT : I live in Hong Kong , a vibrant, international city that blends Eastern and Western influences—a place that has deeply shaped my perspective as a designer. The interdisciplinary and fast-paced nature of Hong Kong’s culture has nurtured my curiosity and adaptability, allowing me to think both technically and creatively. Our city's rich heritage, combined with its embrace of innovation, inspires me to design with a global vision while remaining grounded in local understanding . Currently, I'm working on enhancing the ChromaHeat AI system , incorporating wider datasets and moving toward the development of cooling functions to offer a complete intelligent thermal regulation solution through textiles. I believe good design plays a critical role in advancing society , especially when it responds to real human needs. Whether it's improving well-being, enhancing comfort, or increasing accessibility, meaningful design makes everyday life better. One small but positive change design has brought to my own life is the way I approach problems—from a holistic and user-centered perspective. This mindset extends beyond work—it influences how I organize my day, communicate with my team, and constantly seek to improve even the smallest details for better outcomes.

Would you tell us more about your work culture and business philosophy?

CLJTAJJT : Our work culture is built on collaboration, innovation, and mutual respect . We work as a close-knit, interdisciplinary team , bringing together experts from fields such as design, engineering, and science. I believe it’s easy and rewarding to work with us, as we value open communication , shared responsibility , and a collective drive for meaningful, human-centered outcomes . I don’t work alone—our projects depend on the synergy of different skill sets. For example, in the development of ChromaHeat AI , I worked alongside Professor Jeanne Tan, who provided deep expertise in textile design, and Jun Jong Tan, an engineer specializing in system integration. Everyone contributes their own perspective, and that diversity pushes our designs forward. When selecting partners or collaborators, I look for individuals who are curious, open-minded, and committed to ethical and user-centered design . I value those who are both technically skilled and willing to engage in dialogue , because innovation is driven by continuous learning and shared ideas. People who are comfortable with experimentation, adaptable in the face of challenges, and passionate about impact tend to thrive in our team. What can’t be forgotten in our work culture is the strong foundation of research-led design, empathy, and continuous improvement . Our core challenges often lie in balancing innovation with functionality, and translating complex research into accessible, real-world applications. My key responsibilities include design leadership, system development, user testing, data analysis , as well as coordinating publication work and knowledge transfer. A good designer, in my view, must be curious, resilient, detail-oriented, and deeply empathetic . It’s the human aspect of design—understanding how people live, feel, and move—that gives our work its true value.

What are your philanthropic contributions to society as a designer, artist and architect?

CLJTAJJT : As a designer and researcher, I believe that design should serve a meaningful purpose and contribute to the betterment of society. Much of my work, especially in the development of smart textiles like ChromaHeat AI , is driven by the goal of improving human well-being and comfort through innovation . I see this as my way of giving back—by creating solutions that can enhance everyday life, particularly in areas like healthcare, rehabilitation, and sustainable living. I fully support the idea of designers and artists engaging in humanitarian and community-based projects . Design has the power to address inequalities, improve accessibility, and bring dignity to underserved populations. In the future, I would certainly consider applying our research and technologies in pro bono or socially driven initiatives—especially in developing smart garments or environmental solutions for vulnerable communities. I also stay actively involved in mentoring and collaborating with young designers and students , particularly through academic settings and research labs. Elevating new talent is an essential part of giving back to the community that shaped my own journey. I participate in design discussions, seminars, and conferences whenever possible to foster exchange and encourage innovation among emerging creatives. Good design, to me, is inclusive, functional, and impactful—it helps solve real problems while inspiring new possibilities. I’m committed to continuing to create opportunities for future designers , and to promoting a design culture that values empathy, ethics, and purpose over pure aesthetics.

What positive experiences you had when you attend the A’ Design Award?

CLJTAJJT : Participating in the A’ Design Award has been a truly rewarding experience for me as a designer. It has not only given recognition to the hard work and research behind our project, but also provided a global platform to share our innovation with a much wider audience. Being named Designer of the Day is a great honor and a meaningful validation of our commitment to user-centered, technology-driven design. There are several key benefits to entering design competitions like the A’ Design Award. Firstly, exposure : it allows designers to showcase their work to an international community of peers, experts, and industry leaders. Secondly, credibility : recognition from a respected award boosts both personal and professional reputation. Thirdly, growth : the feedback, evaluation, and comparison with other entries provide valuable insights that help refine your design thinking and approach. Design awards also have the power to open new doors —from collaborations and partnerships to funding opportunities and media coverage. For me personally, it has reinforced the importance of innovation rooted in real-world needs, and it encourages me to keep pushing the boundaries of what design can achieve. Competitions like these are incredibly relevant today as they celebrate not just aesthetics, but the deeper purpose and impact that good design can have on society.

Ching Lee, Jeanne Tan and Jun Jong Tan Profile